As the air breathed in moves through the air passages to reach the lungs, it is warmed or cooled to body temperature, moistened to become saturated with water vapour and ‘cleaned’ as particles of dust stick to the mucus which coats the lining membrane. it may be dry, cold and contain dust particles or it may be moist and hot. The condition of the atmospheric air entering the body varies considerably according to the external environment, e.g. The respiratory system provides the route by which the supply of oxygen present in the atmospheric air enters the body, and it provides the route of excretion for carbon dioxide. The main waste product of these reactions is carbon dioxide (CO 2). ![]() Most of this energy is derived from chemical reactions, which can only take place in the presence of oxygen (O 2). The cells of the body need energy for all their metabolic activities. Some common respiratory disorders are described in the illnesses section at the end of the chapter. This chapter describes the structure and functions of the respiratory system. Ross and Wilson ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY in Health and Illness, 11e The respiratory system
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